Phylum Platyhelminthes!
Defining Characteristics
- Acoelomate
- bilateral symmetry
- triploblastic (endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm)
- incomplete digestive systems - flame cells located all over body at the ends of the intestine
- nerve ladder
- reproduces sexually & asexually (regeneration)
- cephalization (sense organs are located anteriorly in a head with a "brain")
- 3 classes : Turbellaria, Trematoda, Cestoidea
- hermaphroditic
Platyhelminthes lab
ANALYSIS
1. Tape worms are able to fold up on themselves making them more compact.
2. The hooks attach themselves to the inside of the intestines by hooking in, and the suckers attach themselves to the intestine by suctioning itself to it.
3. Planaria- has eyes, auricle, class Turbellaria, lives in fresh water
Clonorchis- class Trematoda, parasitic, lives in animal/people
Similar- hermaphroditic, phylum Platyhelminthes, gastro-vascular cavity, nerve ladder, flame cells, reproduces sexually & asexually triploblastic
4. Ectoderm- skin and nervous system
Endoderm- lining of digestive system
Mesoderm- muscle and remaining internal organs
5. - they have an excretory system (flame cells), they have bilateral symmetry (left, right, posterior, anterior, dorsal, ventral) , triploblastic (endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm), nerve ladder, cephalization.
6. a) bilateral
b) triploblastic
c) flame cells & mouth
d) nerve ladder
7. a) Hermaphroditic: For animals, when both the male and female sex organs are located on the same animal. Equivalent to monoecious in plants.
b) Ladder-type nervous system: In Platyhelminthes, the nerve system has two ventricle nerve cords which run along ventral line. The two nerve cords are connected by transverse nerves which creates the appears of a ladder.
c) Flame cells: These are cells that act as the excretory system. Instead of the mouth and anus being the same hole, Platyhelminthes have developed flame cells which are located all around the worm, at endings of the intestine.
d) Regeneration: This is how the Platyhelminthes reproduces asexually. Regeneration occurs when part of the worm is cut, or severed, and the mesoderm layer of the worm act as stem cells which regrow the parts of the body that was damaged.
1. Tape worms are able to fold up on themselves making them more compact.
2. The hooks attach themselves to the inside of the intestines by hooking in, and the suckers attach themselves to the intestine by suctioning itself to it.
3. Planaria- has eyes, auricle, class Turbellaria, lives in fresh water
Clonorchis- class Trematoda, parasitic, lives in animal/people
Similar- hermaphroditic, phylum Platyhelminthes, gastro-vascular cavity, nerve ladder, flame cells, reproduces sexually & asexually triploblastic
4. Ectoderm- skin and nervous system
Endoderm- lining of digestive system
Mesoderm- muscle and remaining internal organs
5. - they have an excretory system (flame cells), they have bilateral symmetry (left, right, posterior, anterior, dorsal, ventral) , triploblastic (endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm), nerve ladder, cephalization.
6. a) bilateral
b) triploblastic
c) flame cells & mouth
d) nerve ladder
7. a) Hermaphroditic: For animals, when both the male and female sex organs are located on the same animal. Equivalent to monoecious in plants.
b) Ladder-type nervous system: In Platyhelminthes, the nerve system has two ventricle nerve cords which run along ventral line. The two nerve cords are connected by transverse nerves which creates the appears of a ladder.
c) Flame cells: These are cells that act as the excretory system. Instead of the mouth and anus being the same hole, Platyhelminthes have developed flame cells which are located all around the worm, at endings of the intestine.
d) Regeneration: This is how the Platyhelminthes reproduces asexually. Regeneration occurs when part of the worm is cut, or severed, and the mesoderm layer of the worm act as stem cells which regrow the parts of the body that was damaged.
8.
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Endoparasite: Taena
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Free living: Planaria
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Body structure
Eyes Nervous system Digestive system Reproductive system |
Bilateral symmetry, triploblastic, acoelomate, proglottid, tapeworm
None Nerve ladder Flame cells & mouth hermaphroditic, proglottid, sexual reproduction & asexual reproduction using regeneration |
Bilateral symmetry, tripoblastic, aceolomate, auricle, flatworm
Eye spots Nerve ladder flame cells & mouth hermaphroditic, sexual & asexual reproduction using regeneration |