Phylum Nematoda: The Roundworms!
Defining Characteristics
- Complete digestive system (mouth and anus are separate) within a tube body plan
- pseudocoelom between mesoderm and endoderm
- triploblastic
- sexual reproduction: dioecious
- Free living: decomposers - lives in water and soil
- Parasitic Nematodes: Ascaris, Hookworm, Pinworm, Trichinella, Filarial worm, Guinea Stick worm.
- little cephalization
- heterotrophic, multicellular
- nervous system
- no circulatory system
- body is covered with a cuticle
Lab : Results & Analysis
ANALYSIS
1. Vertically
2. Nervous cord
3. No - not needed
4. They do not have cephalization (sense organs in same area) because they are not needed. They are made only for digesting food and reproducing.
5. a fertilized egg will grow and and develop. The roundworm will be ingested by a human orally from eating unwashed fruits and vegetables. The worm will travel down with the food into the intestine where it will lay its eggs. The worm can enter the bloodstream and travel anywhere in the body like the lungs. The worm will feed off of the nutrients that are consumed by the host, causing the host to become malnourished. The eggs that were laid inside of the intestine will be excreted onto soil, and the cycle continues to repeat.
6. - parasites
-lives in the small intestine
-travels around the body via the circulatory system
-host: human
-eggs exit body through excretion in feces
-no sensory organs
-has reproductive & digestive organs only
7. -enters the body as "itch worm" through the toes
-gets inside the host intestine by entering through the toes, into the circulatory system into the lungs where it lays its eggs. The eggs cause the lungs to be itchy which results in the coughing. The coughing bring the worm up to the mouth where it is swallowed and brought back down into the stomach and the small intestine. The worm feeds off of the blood in the intestine for most of its life. The eggs are excreted onto the ground and the cycle continues.
8. - enters the host when the host consumes undercooked pork
-its main host is the rat or pig, not human (only when ingesting undercooked pork)
-it lives in the muscles of the host rather than the intestine
-it effects the muscles of the host, causing cysts rather than lost of blood/nutrients
-also lacks sensory organs
9. By making sure your pork is properly cooked.
10. mesoderm and endoderm
11. digestive and reproductive organs
12. -parasitics nematodes requires hosts, has no sensory organs
- free living nematodes live in water and soil, decomposer, auricles (eye spots) and ears
13. -advantages: no need to go searching for nutrients (provided by the host), can live in the host for the remainder of its life span, is able to only have to reproduce and digest
-disadvantages: can not survive without a host, host can kill them off (human host), if it does not have a host, it can be hard to find one due to its lack of sensory organs
1. Vertically
2. Nervous cord
3. No - not needed
4. They do not have cephalization (sense organs in same area) because they are not needed. They are made only for digesting food and reproducing.
5. a fertilized egg will grow and and develop. The roundworm will be ingested by a human orally from eating unwashed fruits and vegetables. The worm will travel down with the food into the intestine where it will lay its eggs. The worm can enter the bloodstream and travel anywhere in the body like the lungs. The worm will feed off of the nutrients that are consumed by the host, causing the host to become malnourished. The eggs that were laid inside of the intestine will be excreted onto soil, and the cycle continues to repeat.
6. - parasites
-lives in the small intestine
-travels around the body via the circulatory system
-host: human
-eggs exit body through excretion in feces
-no sensory organs
-has reproductive & digestive organs only
7. -enters the body as "itch worm" through the toes
-gets inside the host intestine by entering through the toes, into the circulatory system into the lungs where it lays its eggs. The eggs cause the lungs to be itchy which results in the coughing. The coughing bring the worm up to the mouth where it is swallowed and brought back down into the stomach and the small intestine. The worm feeds off of the blood in the intestine for most of its life. The eggs are excreted onto the ground and the cycle continues.
8. - enters the host when the host consumes undercooked pork
-its main host is the rat or pig, not human (only when ingesting undercooked pork)
-it lives in the muscles of the host rather than the intestine
-it effects the muscles of the host, causing cysts rather than lost of blood/nutrients
-also lacks sensory organs
9. By making sure your pork is properly cooked.
10. mesoderm and endoderm
11. digestive and reproductive organs
12. -parasitics nematodes requires hosts, has no sensory organs
- free living nematodes live in water and soil, decomposer, auricles (eye spots) and ears
13. -advantages: no need to go searching for nutrients (provided by the host), can live in the host for the remainder of its life span, is able to only have to reproduce and digest
-disadvantages: can not survive without a host, host can kill them off (human host), if it does not have a host, it can be hard to find one due to its lack of sensory organs
14.
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Entrance into body
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Living inside body
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Intermediate hosts
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Effects on humans
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Prevention
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Taena
Clonorchis Ascaris Necator Trichina |
-by eating contaminated foods
-humans eating fish -eating unwashed fruits & veggies -itch worm between toes -eating uncooked pork |
-within intestinal wall
-human liver -small intestine -intestine -muscles of humans |
-cattle & humans
-snail, fish, human -human -human -rats, pig, human |
-malnourishment, abdominal pain
-malnourishment -malnourishment -losing 20mL of blood per day, physical & mental retardation in children -cysts in muscles, Trichanosis |
-cook meat well before consuming
-cook fish well before consumption -washing fruits & veggies -wear shoes -cook pork well before eating |